25 / 03 / 17

TheEconomist.2025.03.08

《TheEconomist.2025.03.08》
136 条书摘

### 作者简介

---

Asian allies fear being dumped by Trump

‍America’s Asian allies are torn between competing theories.

2025-03-12 21:23:39

---

‍The administration’s language on Taiwan, a self-governing island that China claims as its own, has been toughened.

2025-03-12 21:28:20

---

‍Mr Trump would not forsake Ukraine.

2025-03-12 21:30:49

---

‍Trump likely wants to avoid war more than he wants to maintain US primacy in China’s neighbourhood

2025-03-12 21:32:50

---

‍His natural inclination is a world of empires in which the three great powers annex their respective near-abroads and then don’t bother each other.

2025-03-12 21:33:26

---

‍His natural inclination is a world of empires in which the three great powers annex their respective near-abroads and then don’t bother each other.

> ‍他天性倾向这样一个世界:三大强国吞并各自的周边地区,然后互不干涉 。

2025-03-12 21:34:23

---

‍Singapore, astride a major maritime trade route, is jittery.

2025-03-12 21:35:00

---

‍Singapore, astride a major maritime trade route, is jittery.

> ‍“astride”本意是“跨在……上;骑在……上” ,这里结合语境意译为“地处”;“jittery”形容人或地方 “紧张不安的;焦虑的” ,这里翻译为“忧心忡忡”更符合中文表达习惯 。

2025-03-12 21:35:26

---

‍One response to the uncertainty is to avoid catching Mr Trump’s eye.

2025-03-12 21:35:58

---

China

‍It is not often that the world’s two superpowers hold state-of-the-nation addresses back-to-back.

2025-03-09 14:54:13

---

‍It is not often that the world’s two superpowers hold state-of-the-nation addresses back-to-back.

> ‍"state-of-the-nation address"(国情咨文)
"back-to-back"(紧接的)

2025-03-09 14:56:25

---

‍A few minutes later, PresidentDonald Trump began a fiery speech to a joint session ofCongress in Washington.

2025-03-09 15:00:47

---

‍A few minutes later, President Donald Trump began a fiery speech to a joint session of Congress in Washington.

> ‍“joint session”的意思是“联席会议;联合会议”。

2025-03-09 15:02:12

---

‍Mr Trump’s speech, bombastic and bilious, was heckled by a congressman who had to be removed from the chamber for “disruption of proper decorum”.

2025-03-09 15:03:00

---

‍Mr Trump’s speech, bombastic and bilious, was heckled by a congressman who had to be removed from the chamber for “disruption of proper decorum”.

> ‍“bombastic and bilious”
这是两个形容词作后置定语,用来修饰 “speech”。
“bombastic” 意为“浮夸的;夸夸其谈的;冗长的”,说明演讲风格夸张、不切实际,充满了空洞的大话。
“bilious” 原意为“患胆汁病的;有胆汁质的”,在这里引申为“愤怒的;尖刻的;令人不快的”,表示演讲的语气带有愤怒、攻击性 。所以整体描述了这个演讲既浮夸又充满攻击性和负面情绪的特点。

“was heckled” 是一般过去时的被动语态结构,表示“被喝倒彩;被起哄”

特朗普的演讲既浮夸又尖刻,一名国会议员因此对其发起喝倒彩,随后该议员因“扰乱恰当的礼仪规范” 被带出了会场 。

2025-03-09 15:08:02

---

‍Mr Li’s speech had none of that. His audience—3,000 delegates assembled in the Great Hall of the People overlooking Tiananmen Square (pictured)—tried to look attentive.

2025-03-09 15:08:48

---

‍Mr Li’s speech had none of that. His audience—3,000 delegates assembled in the Great Hall of the People overlooking Tiananmen Square (pictured)—tried to look attentive.

> ‍overlook
​词义:“overlook” 在这里作动词,常见释义为 “俯瞰;眺望”。它表示从较高的位置居高临下地看下面的区域。
​在句中的分析:在 “His audience—3,000 delegates assembled in the Great Hall of the People overlooking Tiananmen Square” 这句话里,“overlooking Tiananmen Square” 是现在分词短语作后置定语,用来修饰前面的 “the Great Hall of the People”。整句话意思是人民大会堂位于天安门广场的上方位置,从大会堂里可以俯瞰到天安门广场 ,描述了人民大会堂与天安门广场之间的地理位置关系 。
attentive
​词义:“attentive” 是形容词,意为 “专心的;留意的;注意到的” ,通常用于形容人专注于某件事或对他人表现出关心和关注 。
​在句中的分析:“tried to look attentive” 中 “look” 在这里是系动词(类似 “seem”“appear”),后面接形容词作表语,“tried to look attentive” 整体意思是“尽力表现出专心的样子” ,描述听众(3000 名代表)在听李先生演讲时的一种外在表现状态 。

2025-03-09 15:09:46

---

‍Tea was sipped, proper decorum preserved.

2025-03-09 15:10:00

---

‍he heaped dutiful praise on his boss

2025-03-09 15:10:49

---

‍he heaped dutiful praise on his boss

> ‍1. heap(动词)​
​词义:
​本义:堆积(物品),如 "a heap of books"(一堆书)。
​引申义:​大量给予​(抽象事物,如赞美、批评、问题等),强调数量多且带有情感色彩。
​在句中的分析:
​*"heaped dutiful praise on his boss" 中,"heap" 是及物动词,表示「大加赞扬」,暗含「超出常规的、甚至夸张的赞美」。
​固定搭配:"heap praise on sb." = 纷纷称赞某人(类似 "lavish praise on sb.",但语气更口语化)。

​2. dutiful praise(名词短语)​
​词义分解:
​dutiful:形容词,意为 ​​「尽职的、恭敬的」​,隐含「出于义务或责任」而非发自内心。
​praise:名词,「赞美」。
​在句中的分析:
​"dutiful praise"
* 表示 ​​「程式化的、应景的赞美」​,暗示说话者的态度并非真诚,而是为了维护职场关系或服从权威。
​文化背景:常见于等级分明或权力结构明确的环境(如职场、政府机构),体现下级对上级的表面恭维。
​情感色彩:
​贬义倾向:暗含虚伪或敷衍

2025-03-09 15:12:33

---

‍But amid the platitudes and boilerplate, the fiscal numbers he provided were revealing about his government’s mindset at a difficult time.

2025-03-09 15:12:51

---

‍But amid the platitudes and boilerplate, the fiscal numbers he provided were revealing about his government’s mindset at a difficult time.

> ‍1. platitudes
​词义:
​n. 陈词滥调;老生常谈​(指缺乏新意、空洞的套话)。
​来源:
源自拉丁语 platypus(鸭嘴兽,因古希腊人误认为其无头),后演变为英语中表示“平坦的东西”,引申为“平淡无奇的内容”。


​2. boilerplate
​词义:
​n. (文件中的)样板内容;程式化表述​(指重复使用、缺乏原创性的文字)。
​来源:
原指印刷业中预先印好的“锅炉钢板”(固定格式的金属板),后来引申为标准化内容。


​3. mindset
​词义:
​n. 思维模式;心态​(指一个人或群体在特定情境下的思考方式和心理倾向)。
​来源:
由心理学术语 "mind"(心智)和 "set"(设定)组合而成,20世纪中期开始广泛用于社会科学领域。


类似词汇 区别 例句
​cliches 陈旧比喻或说法 "Stop using those tired clichés!"(别再用那些老掉牙的比喻!)
​stereotypes 刻板印象 "The media often reinforces gender stereotypes."(媒体经常强化性别刻板印象。)
​dogma 教条主义 "The party’s dogma rejected any compromise."(该党的教条不容任何妥协。)

2025-03-09 15:15:59

---

‍He also provided a catalogue of ten “major tasks” for the year ahead that echoed the list in 2024.

2025-03-09 15:17:20

---

‍He also provided a catalogue of ten “major tasks” for the year ahead that echoed the list in 2024.

> ‍​​原义​:
​"echo" 本义是「回声;回响」,指声音反射后重复出现的现象。
​​引申义​:
在句子中作动词,引申为 ​​​「重复;呼应;与...相似」​​,强调某事物(如观点、行为、内容)与另一事物存在明显的相似性,可能是刻意模仿或无意中一致。
​​修辞效果​:
“echo” 暗含一种「空洞的重复感」,如回声般缺乏新意。
​与其他近义词的对比
词汇 含义差异 例句
​echo 强调重复且相似,但非完全复制 His speech echoed the previous leader’s ideas. (他的演讲呼应了前任的理念。)
​copy 直接复制,可能含贬义 They copied last year’s plan without changes. (他们照搬了去年的计划。)
​resemble 客观描述相似性,无情感色彩 This year’s tasks resemble those of 2020. (今年的任务与2020年的类似。)
​reflect 反映(因果关系或自然关联) The policy reflects public demands. (该政策反映了公众诉求。)
​文化/语境联想
​​政治领域常见用法​:
政府文件或演讲中若频繁“呼应”过往内容,可能被批评为 ​缺乏新政策​(​policy inertia​)。
​​新闻语言特点​:
“echo” 是英语媒体常用词,用于简洁表达重复性(尤其是隐性批评时)

2025-03-09 15:20:15

---

‍The target for this year’s headline budget deficit will rise from 3% of GDP last year to 4% this year.

2025-03-09 15:34:34

---

‍The target for this year’s headline budget deficit will rise from 3% of GDP last year to 4% this year.

> ‍"Headline budget deficit"(名义财政赤字)是政府公布的 未经调整的年度财政赤字总额​,通常指政府在一个财政年度内总支出超过总收入的绝对数值,以占GDP的百分比表示。

具体解析:
​​Headline(名义的)​​:
指直接公布的、未经特殊调整的原始数据​(类似“整体通胀率”称为 "headline inflation")。
与“核心赤字”(​core deficit​)或“结构性赤字”(​structural deficit​)不同,后者可能排除一次性支出或经济周期性波动的影响。
​​Budget deficit(财政赤字)​​:
​​定义​:政府年度支出 > 年度收入时产生的缺口。
​​计算​:赤字额 ÷ 国内生产总值(GDP)→ 以GDP占比衡量(如3%、4%)。
对比其他赤字概念:
术语 定义 例句
​Headline deficit 政府直接公布的赤字,包含所有收入与支出(如债务利息、一次性紧急支出)。 中国2023年名义赤字率为3%。
​Structural deficit 排除经济周期波动后的赤字(反映长期财政健康状况)。 结构性赤字高可能暗示税制缺陷。
​Cyclical deficit 因经济周期(如衰退)导致的短期赤字(随经济复苏可能消失)。 疫情期间的赤字多属周期性赤字。
政策意义:
​​赤字扩大(3%→4%)的常见原因​​:
经济刺激(如基建投资、消费补贴)
社会福利增加(如养老金、医保)
税收减少(如减税政策)
债务利息上升
​​争议​:
高赤字可能引发债务可持续性质疑,但也可能是主动的逆周期调节手段。
实例:
​欧盟《稳定与增长公约》​规定成员国名义赤字率不得超过GDP的3%(争议性规则,常被突破)。
​美国2020年赤字率因疫情飙升至14.9%(包含大规模抗疫支出),属典型的“名义赤字”跃升。

2025-03-09 15:38:54

---

‍The headline figure covers only a fraction of China’s sprawling public finances, leaving out government-managed funds and financing vehicles sponsored by local governments, among other things.

2025-03-09 15:39:11

---

‍The headline figure covers only a fraction of China’s sprawling public finances, leaving out government-managed funds and financing vehicles sponsored by local governments, among other things.

> ‍​Sprawling(蔓延的、庞大的)​
在句中修饰“China’s public finances”(中国的公共财政),形容其​规模庞大、结构复杂且覆盖范围广泛​。
​Financing Vehicle(融资工具/平台)​
特指​地方政府融资平台(Local Government Financing Vehicles, LGFVs)​​,是中国地方政府为规避直接举债限制而设立的企业实体。
深层背景补充:​

中国财政体系的“sprawling”特性源于分税制改革后地方财权与事权不匹配,催生大量隐性融资需求。
LGFVs自2008年金融危机后激增,虽支撑了地方发展,但也积累了债务风险,近年来政府正推进对其监管与债务化解。

2025-03-09 15:42:07

---

‍A 4% deficit shows that it is willing to abandon fiscal piety for the sake of rescuing the economy.

2025-03-09 15:42:45

---

‍A 4% deficit shows that it is willing to abandon fiscal piety for the sake of rescuing the economy.

> ‍​Fiscal Piety(财政虔诚/财政纪律)​
​​本义​:原指宗教中的“虔诚”,此处用作比喻,形容​对财政审慎原则的严格恪守​,如控制赤字、维持收支平衡等传统财政纪律。
​​语境含义​:中国长期强调“财政安全”,将赤字率控制在3%以下(如2017-2019年),体现对债务风险的高度警惕。此处“abandon fiscal piety”指​打破常规约束​,接受4%的更高赤字率。
​For the Sake of(为了...的目的)​
​​功能​:凸显​目的与手段的权衡​,即“拯救经济”(rescuing the economy)的紧迫性压倒了对财政纪律的坚持。
例句完整解读:​
“接受4%的赤字率表明,中国政府宁愿暂时放弃对财政审慎原则的恪守,也要通过扩大支出挽救经济增长。”

2025-03-09 15:45:51

---

‍All told, economists expect China’s broad fiscal deficit to increase by a little less than 2% of GDP

2025-03-09 15:47:37

---

‍All told, economists expect China’s broad fiscal deficit to increase by a little less than 2% of GDP

> ‍All Told(总的来说/总计)​
​​功能​:作为过渡短语,​​总结前文或引出整体结论​,暗示接下来的内容是综合多种因素后的最终判断。
​Broad Fiscal Deficit(广义财政赤字)​
​​定义​:不仅包括官方预算赤字,还涵盖​政府性基金、地方融资平台债务等隐性财政活动​,反映更全面的财政收支状况。
​Increase by a Little Less Than 2% of GDP(增加略低于GDP的2%)​
​​具体含义​:
​​基准​:以GDP为参照,体现赤字扩大的相对规模;
​​幅度​:“略低于2%”说明赤字扩张幅度​较为显著但未失控​。
例句完整解读:​
“综合来看,经济学家预计中国的广义财政赤字将扩大,增幅略低于GDP的2%。

2025-03-09 15:49:15

---

‍In the past the government has lavished money on bridges to nowhere and other white elephants.

2025-03-09 15:49:37

---

‍In the past the government has lavished money on bridges to nowhere and other white elephants.

> ‍​“Bridges to nowhere and other white elephants”​ 是一种隐喻(Metaphor)​修辞手法,用来形象地批评政府浪费资源、投资低效或无实际价值的项目。

2025-03-09 15:50:43

---

‍The central government will, for example, devote 300bn yuan to its “trade-in” scheme which encourages households to replace old appliances and cars with newer ones.

2025-03-09 15:51:13

---

‍The central government will, for example, devote 300bn yuan to its “trade-in” scheme which encourages households to replace old appliances and cars with newer ones.

> ‍“Trade-in” 字面意思是“以旧换新”,即消费者用旧商品(如家电、汽车)折价换取新商品,通常由商家或政府提供补贴以鼓励消费。

2025-03-09 15:51:56

---

‍More prudent leaders like to underpromise in the hope of overdelivering.

2025-03-09 15:55:11

---

‍More prudent leaders like to underpromise in the hope of overdelivering.

> ‍更谨慎的领导者倾向于少承诺,以期超额兑现。

2025-03-09 15:55:56

---

‍a dash of bravado probably helps

2025-03-09 15:56:20

---

‍a dash of bravado probably helps

> ‍​A dash of(一点点)​:表示少量或适度的某种特质。
​Bravado(虚张声势)​:指一种表面上表现出的自信或勇气,可能并不完全基于实际能力,而是为了掩盖内心的不确定或恐惧。

2025-03-09 15:56:55

---

### Chinese warships circumnavigate another island: Australia

‍Chinese warships circumnavigate another island: Australia

2025-03-09 15:57:53

---

‍Chinese warships circumnavigate another island: Australia

> ‍Circumnavigate 强调完整的环绕,暗示中国军舰的航行路线覆盖了澳大利亚的周边海域,而非仅仅经过某一部分。

2025-03-09 15:58:31

---

‍But officials from Australia and New Zealand have been startled in recent days by the way it has been flaunting itself in Oceania.

2025-03-09 16:19:04

---

‍But officials from Australia and New Zealand have been startled in recent days by the way it has been flaunting itself in Oceania.

> ‍1. ​Startled
​词性:动词(过去分词形式为startled)
​意思:使惊吓;使吃惊;使惊愕
​例句:The loud noise startled me.(那响亮的声音吓了我一跳。)
​在句子中的用法:这里的“startled”用来描述澳大利亚和新西兰的官员对某种情况的反应,表示他们感到惊讶或震惊。
2. ​Flaunting
​词性:动词(现在分词形式为flaunting)
​意思:炫耀;显摆;张扬
​例句:She was flaunting her new diamond necklace.(她在炫耀她的新钻石项链。)
​在句子中的用法:这里的“flaunting itself”用来形容某个国家或实体在大洋洲地区表现得非常张扬或炫耀,可能是指其行为或存在方式让澳大利亚和新西兰的官员感到不安或惊讶。
3. ​Oceania
​词性:名词
​意思:大洋洲;大洋洲地区
​例句:Oceania includes countries like Australia, New Zealand, and many Pacific island nations.(大洋洲包括澳大利亚、新西兰和许多太平洋岛国。)
​在句子中的用法:这里的“Oceania”指的是澳大利亚和新西兰所在的地理区域,强调某个国家或实体在这个地区的行为。

2025-03-09 16:20:46

---

‍Airlines scrambled to divert planes.

2025-03-09 16:21:14

---

‍Airlines scrambled to divert planes.

> ‍scramble意思:匆忙行动;紧急应对;争先恐后地做某事

2025-03-09 16:21:57

---

‍The task force includes a 10,000-tonne cruiser of a type that China hailed—with justification—as a “leap forward” in its naval modernisation when it joined service in 2020

2025-03-09 16:22:48

---

‍The task force includes a 10,000-tonne cruiser of a type that China hailed—with justification—as a “leap forward” in its naval modernisation when it joined service in 2020

> ‍Of a type that China hailed
​意思:一种被中国称为……的类型
As a “leap forward”​
​意思:作为一种“飞跃”

2025-03-09 16:24:07

---

‍some of its activities “seem designed to be provocative”

2025-03-09 16:24:56

---

‍some of its activities “seem designed to be provocative”

> ‍Provocative
​意思:挑衅的;煽动的;引起争议的

2025-03-09 16:25:36

---

‍not only can it sustain its ships for long periods at sea, but also, in a conflict, interfere with the sea lanes that Australia relies on

2025-03-09 16:27:17

---

‍not only can it sustain its ships for long periods at sea, but also, in a conflict, interfere with the sea lanes that Australia relies on

> ‍Sea lanes
意思:海上航线;航道
​解释:​Sea lanes 是指船舶在海上航行的固定路线,通常用于国际贸易和军事行动。这些航线对全球经济和国家安全至关重要,尤其是对像澳大利亚这样依赖海上贸易的国家。

2025-03-09 16:28:16

---

‍In Australia the Chinese navy’s activities are causing rows ahead of federal elections, due within weeks.

2025-03-09 16:28:33

---

‍In Australia the Chinese navy’s activities are causing rows ahead of federal elections, due within weeks.

> ‍​Cause rows
​意思:引发争议;引起争吵
​解释:​Rows 是英式英语中常用的词,意思是“争吵”或“争议”。​Cause rows 表示某种行为或事件引发了争论或分歧。

​Due
​词性:形容词
​意思:预期的;预定的;到期的
​解释:​Due 在这里表示某事将在某个时间发生或完成,通常用于描述计划中的事件。

​Federal elections
​意思:联邦选举
​解释:指澳大利亚的国家级选举,用于选出联邦政府的议员和总理。

2025-03-09 16:30:18

---

‍During Australia’s spell in the doghouse—for daring to call for an inquiry into the origins of covid-19—it found other buyers for its coal, barley and the like, enabling it to achieve a record trade surplus in 2022.

2025-03-09 16:31:22

---

‍During Australia’s spell in the doghouse—for daring to call for an inquiry into the origins of covid-19—it found other buyers for its coal, barley and the like, enabling it to achieve a record trade surplus in 2022.

> ‍原句翻译:在澳大利亚因「胆敢」呼吁调查新冠起源而陷入外交困境期间,它找到了煤炭、大麦等商品的新买家,从而使它在2022年实现了创纪录的贸易顺差。

关键词汇和短语解释:
​spell in the doghouse
​spell​(名词):一段时间(通常指某种状态)。
​in the doghouse​(习语):陷入麻烦/失宠(原意是「被关在狗屋」,比喻因犯错而让他人不悦)。
​合起来:指澳大利亚因某事(呼吁调查新冠起源)陷入外交或政治困境。

​daring to call for an inquiry
​daring​(动词现在分词):胆敢,敢于。
​call for​(短语动词):呼吁,要求。
​inquiry​(名词):调查。
​合起来:澳大利亚「胆敢」要求调查新冠病毒的起源(暗含此举激怒了中国)。

​coal, barley and the like
​and the like​(固定短语):诸如此类的东西(表示列举相似事物)。
​合起来:煤炭、大麦等商品(澳大利亚原本主要出口到中国,但因外交争端被限制)。

​enabling it to achieve a record trade surplus
​enabling​(动词):使能够。
​trade surplus​(经济术语):贸易顺差(出口额大于进口额)。
​合起来:澳大利亚通过找到新买家,实现了创纪录的贸易顺差(2022年数据)。

背景补充:
​中澳关系:2020年澳大利亚呼吁国际社会调查新冠病毒起源,此举引发中国不满,中国随后对澳大利亚煤炭、大麦等商品实施进口限制。
​贸易调整:澳大利亚被迫寻找其他买家(如印度、东南亚国家)购买原本出口到中国的商品,最终贸易顺差不降反升。

简化版句子逻辑:
尽管澳大利亚因调查新冠起源的提议惹怒中国(陷入困境),但它成功将煤炭、大麦等商品卖给其他国家,结果2022年贸易顺差反而创历史新高。

2025-03-09 16:34:45

---

‍Last month a Chinese fighter jet released flares close to an Australian P-8A surveillance plane over the South China Sea.

2025-03-09 16:54:47

---

‍Last month a Chinese fighter jet released flares close to an Australian P-8A surveillance plane over the South China Sea.

> ‍​“Released flares”​ 在这里指 ​​“释放干扰弹(热焰弹)”​,是军用飞机的一种防御或警告手段。

具体解释:
​Flares(干扰弹/热焰弹)​

​用途:军用飞机(如战斗机)释放的燃烧装置,主要用于干扰热追踪导弹。
​原理:热焰弹会产生高温火焰,吸引敌方导弹的红外制导系统,使其偏离原目标(飞机)。
​战术意义:在实战中释放干扰弹是一种自我保护行为,但在非战争场景下(如对峙),也可能用于警告或威慑对方飞机。

2025-03-09 16:56:34

---

‍China may be strengthening its ability to deploy its forces in the region by cosying up to South Pacific microstates.

2025-03-09 16:55:29

---

‍China may be strengthening its ability to deploy its forces in the region by cosying up to South Pacific microstates.

> ‍​“Cosy up (to someone)”​ 是一个英语习语,意思是 ​​“刻意拉近关系、讨好”​,通常带有目的性(例如获取利益或支持),可能隐含“讨好得不自然”或“有目的接近”的负面含义。

2025-03-09 16:56:50

---

‍China has reason to be drawn to the Cook Islands

2025-03-09 16:57:29

---

‍China has reason to be drawn to the Cook Islands

> ‍1. ​为什么 "has reason to be" 没有冠词?
语法解释:
这里的 ​reason 是不可数名词,表示“合理的依据/动机”,而非具体某个理由。当表示笼统的“有理由做某事”时,英语习惯用 ​零冠词​(即不加冠词)。类似的用法还有:
​have time/money/patience to do something
She has time to finish the work.(她有完成工作的时间。)
They have money to invest.(他们有投资的资金。)

对比加冠词的情况:
如果强调具体某个理由,则需要加冠词:
China has ​a reason to be cautious.(中国有(一个)需要谨慎的理由。)

2. ​"be drawn" 是什么意思?
​be drawn to (something) 是固定搭配,意思是 ​​“被吸引到;对……产生兴趣”​,通常指因利益、需求或战略目的而被吸引。
​例句:

2025-03-09 16:59:48

---

### A new film is breaking box-office records in China

‍Film-makers in China have long tried to find the secret sauce for movies that wow audiences

2025-03-09 17:00:20

---

‍Film-makers in China have long tried to find the secret sauce for movies that wow audiences

> ‍1. ​Secret Sauce(秘密配方/成功秘诀)​
​字面意思:字面指“秘制酱料”,比如麦当劳的“巨无霸酱”就是一种secret sauce。
​比喻用法:在商业或创意领域,​secret sauce 表示 ​​“独特优势”或“成功的关键要素”​,类似于中文的“杀手锏”或“独门秘籍”。

2. ​Wow(使惊叹/震撼)​
​词性:动词(口语化)
​意思:让某人感到惊喜、兴奋或震撼。

2025-03-09 17:01:53

---

‍Instead, one Beijing studio has struck gold with a cartoon reimagining the tale of a “demon child”from a 16th-century novel.

2025-03-09 17:02:48

---

‍Instead, one Beijing studio has struck gold with a cartoon reimagining the tale of a “demon child”from a 16th-century novel.

> ‍1. "Struck gold with" 的意思
​直译:字面是“用某物挖到了黄金”,比喻 ​​“意外获得巨大成功”或“发现了宝贵机会”​。
​用法:常用于描述通过某件事物(如产品、创意)取得显著成就或经济回报。
​例句:
这家公司靠新款手机大获成功。(The company struck gold with its new smartphone.)
她的短视频意外走红。(She struck gold with her viral video.)

​2. "Reimagining" 的翻译与含义
​词义:指 ​​“对原有故事或角色进行创新性改编”​,强调重新构思而非简单复刻。
​中文翻译:根据语境可选择 ​​“创新改编”​、​“重新演绎”​ 或 ​​“颠覆性重塑”​。
​例句:
这部电影是对童话的暗黑改编。(The film is a dark reimagining of the fairy tale.)
导演将经典小说置于现代背景中重新演绎。(The director reimagined the classic novel in a modern setting.)

​背景补充:中国近年来的动画电影(如《哪吒》《大圣归来》)常通过颠覆传统叙事和视觉创新吸引观众,这类“老故事新讲法”正是“reimagining”的体现。

2025-03-09 17:06:44

---

‍The film, “Ne Zha 2”, is a sequel, in which the eponymous child battles monsters and immortals on a quest to save his friend and protect his family’s fortress.

2025-03-09 17:07:06

---

‍The film, “Ne Zha 2”, is a sequel, in which the eponymous child battles monsters and immortals on a quest to save his friend and protect his family’s fortress.

> ‍1. ​Eponymous(与作品同名的)​
​含义:指某个角色或事物的名称与作品标题相同。在句中指电影《哪吒2》(Ne Zha 2)的标题角色就是主角“哪吒”。
​例子:
小说《哈利·波特》中,哈利·波特是 ​eponymous character​(同名主角)。
电影《泰坦尼克号》以 ​eponymous ship​(同名船)为核心展开故事。

2. ​Immortal(神仙;长生者)​
​含义:在中国神话中,​immortals​(神仙)指修炼得道、拥有神力或长生不老的角色(如太乙真人、玉皇大帝等)。在句中指哪吒需要对抗的神话生物。
​例子:
《西游记》中的孙悟空曾大闹天宫,挑战众仙(immortals)。

3. ​Fortress(要塞;堡垒)​
​含义:指坚固的防御工事,用于保护重要区域或家族领地。在句中指哪吒家族的据点,需要守护的关键地点。
​例子:
​在句中的作用:暗示家族面临威胁,哪吒的使命包含守护家园。

2025-03-09 17:09:36

---

‍it has done so by tapping deep into China’s cultural roots.

2025-03-09 17:10:05

---

‍it has done so by tapping deep into China’s cultural roots.

> ‍“tap deep into China’s cultural roots” 可以理解为 ​​“深入挖掘/利用中国文化根源”​。

2025-03-09 17:10:56

---

‍Both were action flicks involving the defeat of dastardly foreigners.

2025-03-09 17:11:20

---

‍Both were action flicks involving the defeat of dastardly foreigners.

> ‍1. Flicks
​词义:​​“电影”​​(俚语,非正式用语),是 ​​“movies”​ 或 ​​“films”​ 的轻松说法。
​使用场景:常用于口语,强调娱乐性较强的影片(如动作片、爆米花电影)。
​例句:
Let’s go catch a flick tonight.(今晚去看场电影吧。)
80s action flicks are my favorite.(80年代的动作片是我的最爱。)
在句子中的含义:
“两部都是动作片(action flicks)”,暗示电影偏向商业娱乐性质。

​2. Dastardly
​词义:​​“卑鄙的;邪恶的”​,通常用于描述反派角色的恶劣行径,带有夸张或戏剧化色彩(常见于文学或老式电影)。
​近义词:villainous(邪恶的)、despicable(可鄙的)。

2025-03-09 17:13:22

---

‍ they accounted for more than half of box-office receipts of the 20 highest-grossing films.

2025-03-09 17:12:13

---

‍ they accounted for more than half of box-office receipts of the 20 highest-grossing films.

> ‍1. ​Grossing
​原词:gross(动词)
​在电影术语中的含义:指 ​​“获得总收入”​​(未扣除成本前的总收入)。
​Highest-grossing films:​​“票房最高的电影”​,即总票房收入排名前列的电影。

2. ​Receipts
​原词:receipt(名词)
​在商业中的含义:通常指“收据”,但在票房语境中,​box-office receipts 表示 ​​“票房收入”​​(即电影票销售的总金额)。

整句解析:
​box-office receipts of the 20 highest-grossing films:票房最高的20部电影的总收入。
​accounted for more than half:占据了超过一半(的份额)。
中文对照:
“在票房最高的20部电影中,它们的票房收入占比超过一半。”

2025-03-09 17:14:18

---

‍Ne Zha 2” has perhaps caught on because it is not forcing anything on anyone.

2025-03-09 17:14:49

---

‍Ne Zha 2” has perhaps caught on because it is not forcing anything on anyone.

> ‍Catch on 表示这部电影逐渐被观众接受并走红。
​Not forcing anything on anyone 说明电影的成功源于自然吸引观众,而非通过说教或强加观点(例如不过度依赖政治宣传或刻板叙事)。

2025-03-09 17:16:27

---

‍The film is packed with humour delivered by endearing characters, and it resonates because of its messages of self-determination

2025-03-09 17:15:25

---

‍The film is packed with humour delivered by endearing characters, and it resonates because of its messages of self-determination

> ‍1. ​Endearing(讨人喜欢的)​
​词义:形容人或事物具有 ​​“令人喜爱、亲切”​ 的特质,常用来描述角色或行为让人感到温暖或有好感。
​例句:
The puppy’s clumsy attempts to walk were endearing.(小狗笨拙学步的样子很讨人喜欢。)
Her endearing personality made her popular in the team.(她讨喜的性格让她在团队中很受欢迎。)
​在句中的含义:电影中的角色通过幽默和魅力让观众产生好感。

2. ​Resonates(引起共鸣)​
​词义:原指声音的“共振”,比喻 ​​“引发强烈的情感或思想认同”​。
​例句:
The song’s lyrics resonate with people who have experienced loss.(这首歌的歌词让经历过失去的人产生共鸣。)
His speech resonated deeply with the audience.(他的演讲深深打动了听众。)
​在句中的含义:电影传递的信息(如“自主命运”)触动了观众内心的认同感。

3. ​Self-determination(自主决定;自我实现)​
​词义:指 ​​“个人或群体自主决定命运、目标或行动的自由”​,强调不受外界控制的独立性。
​常见场景:
个人层面:追求理想、克服困难(如电影主角哪吒对抗天命)。
政治层面:民族自决(如地区争取独立)。
​在句中的含义:电影通过角色自主掌控命运的故事(如哪吒反抗既定命运),传递“自我奋斗”的积极主题。

整句翻译与理解:
​“这部电影充满了由讨喜角色带来的幽默感,并因其‘自主命运’的主题信息引发观众共鸣。”​

2025-03-09 17:17:31

---

‍The technical sophistication has amazed viewers and pitched domestic animation studios as serious competitors to their Hollywood counterparts.

2025-03-09 17:18:03

---

‍The technical sophistication has amazed viewers and pitched domestic animation studios as serious competitors to their Hollywood counterparts.

> ‍原句结构:pitched A as B → ​​“将A定位为B”​ 或 ​​“使A被视为B”​。
​商业/市场中的用法:常用于描述企业或产品被宣传或定位成某种形象。
​例句:
The company is pitched as a leader in green technology.(这家公司被定位为绿色科技的领军者。)
The new app was pitched as a revolutionary tool for students.(这款新应用被宣传为学生的革命性工具。)

​在句子中的具体含义
​原句:
The technical sophistication has amazed viewers and pitched domestic animation studios as serious competitors to their Hollywood counterparts.
​翻译:
​​“技术上的成熟让观众惊叹,同时也使国内动画工作室成为好莱坞同行的强劲竞争对手。”​
​解析:
中国动画的技术进步(technical sophistication)不仅让观众赞叹,还让国内工作室具备了与好莱坞竞争的资格(即被“定位”为竞争对手)。

2025-03-09 17:20:42

---

‍Like many young people disillusioned by the current paucity of job opportunities, Ms Zheng says she finds hope in the rebellious and righteous Ne Zha.

2025-03-09 17:18:45

---

‍Like many young people disillusioned by the current paucity of job opportunities, Ms Zheng says she finds hope in the rebellious and righteous Ne Zha.

> ‍这句话的意思是:​像许多对当前稀缺的工作机会感到失望的年轻人一样,郑女士表示,她在反叛而正直的哪吒身上找到了希望。​

​1. Disillusioned(感到失望/幻灭的)​
​词义:指因理想破灭或现实不如预期而感到失望,常接 ​with/by 表示失望的原因。
​例句:
Many voters are disillusioned with politics.(许多选民对政治感到失望。)
She became disillusioned by the corruption in the company.(公司的腐败让她感到幻灭。)

​2. Paucity(缺乏;不足)​
​词义:正式用语,表示数量或资源的稀缺。
​例句:
The paucity of clean water is a major problem here.(清洁用水的匮乏是这里的主要问题。)
There’s a paucity of evidence to support the claim.(缺乏证据支持这一说法。)

​3. Rebellious(反叛的) & Righteous(正直的)​
​Rebellious:
​词义:反抗权威或传统规则的,强调挑战既定秩序。
​在句中的含义:哪吒反抗命运安排(如电影中对抗天命)。
​Righteous:
​词义:坚持正义或道德原则的,带有“替天行道”的意味。
​在句中的含义:哪吒虽反叛,但动机是保护他人或坚持正确的事。
​合起来:哪吒的角色既有反抗精神,又坚守正义,这种矛盾特质让年轻人产生共鸣。

2025-03-09 17:22:10

---

‍local governments gave out cinema vouchers to attract more moviegoers.

2025-03-09 17:22:33

---

‍local governments gave out cinema vouchers to attract more moviegoers.

> ‍1. Cinema Voucher(电影院优惠券)​
​定义:指可以在电影院使用的代金券或折扣券,通常由政府、企业或影院发放,用于抵换电影票或零食饮料。
​用途:通过补贴降低观影成本,刺激消费。
​例句:
The city government distributed cinema vouchers to boost the film industry.(市政府发放电影院优惠券以促进电影业。)
I used a voucher to get a free popcorn at the cinema.(我用优惠券在电影院换了一份免费爆米花。)

​2. Moviegoer(观影者)​
​定义:指 ​​“经常去电影院看电影的人”​,强调观众的消费行为。
​构成:movie(电影) + goer(去……的人),类似词汇如 ​concertgoer​(音乐会观众)、churchgoer​(常去教堂的人)。
​例句:
The film attracted both young and old moviegoers.(这部电影吸引了年轻和年长的观影者。)
Moviegoers lined up for the midnight premiere.(观影者排长队等待午夜首映场。)

2025-03-09 17:25:09

---

‍it would hold off screening the recently released “Captain America: Brave New World”

2025-03-09 17:23:36

---

‍it would hold off screening the recently released “Captain America: Brave New World”

> ‍1. Hold off 的含义
​字面意义:原指“保持距离”或“阻止某事发生”,但在时间管理语境中常表示 ​​“主动选择推迟”​。
​例句:
They decided to ​hold off the meeting until next week.(他们决定将会议推迟到下周。)
Let’s ​hold off buying a car until prices drop.(我们等车价降了再买吧。)
​2. 在句子中的具体含义
​原句:
It would hold off screening the recently released “Captain America: Brave New World”.
​翻译:

​解析:
“Hold off screening” 表示原定上映的计划被延迟,可能出于市场策略、审查调整或其他原因。
​3. Hold off vs. Delay/Postpone
​Hold off:更口语化,强调主动选择“暂缓”。
​Delay:通用词,可指主动或被动延迟。
​Postpone:正式用语,通常指明确重新安排时间。

2025-03-09 17:26:30

---

‍That could be the next melody Chinese film-makers learn to play.■

2025-03-09 17:24:13

---

‍That could be the next melody Chinese film-makers learn to play.■

> ‍这句话中的 ​​“melody to play”​ 是一个比喻,意思是 ​​“需要学会的新策略/模式”​,类似于“下一个要掌握的乐章”。以下是具体解释:

​1. Melody(旋律)的隐喻
​字面:旋律是音乐中的核心元素,需要演奏者精准掌握。
​比喻:在此指 ​​“行业趋势、成功方法或创作方向”​,暗示中国电影人需像学习新乐曲一样,探索并适应新的市场或艺术模式。
​2. Learn to play(学会演奏)​
​字面:学习演奏一首曲子。
​比喻:​​“掌握某种技巧或策略”​。例如,中国电影人需学习如何将传统文化与现代叙事结合(如《哪吒》的成功),或应对国际竞争。
​整句含义
​“这可能是中国电影人接下来需要学会的新策略。”​

​背景示例:如果前文提到某部电影通过创新或本土化取得成功(如《哪吒》),此句则暗示这种模式将成为行业效仿的“新旋律”。
​类似比喻
“The next chapter”(新篇章)
“A new tune to follow”(需跟随的新曲调)

2025-03-09 17:27:12

---

The tech bros selling drugs by drone

‍synthetic opioids

2025-03-15 01:37:03

---

‍synthetic opioids

> ‍合成阿片类药物(Synthetic Opioids)是一类通过化学合成的、具有类似天然阿片类物质(如海洛因)作用的人工药物。它们通常以芬太尼(Fentanyl)为代表,因其极高的效力和致命性成为全球毒品问题中的主要威胁。

2025-03-15 01:37:10

---

‍these drugs still claimed almost 75,000 lives in the United States in 2023.

2025-03-15 01:37:33

---

‍new classes of illegal narcotics derived not from Afghan poppy fields or Colombian coca plants, but from barrels of chemicals.

2025-03-15 01:39:26

---

‍Crypto-enabled drug dealing is still dwarfed by the older sorts

2025-03-15 22:49:11

---

AI models are dreaming up the materials of the future

‍AI models are dreaming up the materials of the future

2025-03-12 20:01:00

---

‍AI models are dreaming up the materials of the future

> ‍"dream up" 是一个 ​比喻用法,可以理解为 ​​“凭空构思、想象或创造”​。这里的核心含义是:AI 模型通过算法和数据,​生成全新的、超越传统思维的材料设计方案,类似于人类通过“梦境”产生灵感的过程。

2025-03-12 20:03:10

---

‍Made of metal ions held together by compounds containing carbon, MOFs come in a dizzying array ofstructures, each with its own distinct properties.

2025-03-12 20:04:10

---

‍Made of metal ions held together by compounds containing carbon, MOFs come in a dizzying array of structures, each with its own distinct properties.

> ‍金属有机框架材料(MOFs)由含碳化合物连接的金属离子构成,其结构种类极其丰富,且每种MOF均具有独特的性质。

2025-03-12 20:10:08

---

‍Better batteries, cleanerbioplastics, more powerful semiconductors and, potentially, even room-temperature superconductorsmight soon be up for grabs.

2025-03-12 20:13:21

---

‍This is no pipe-dream.

2025-03-12 20:13:44

---

‍This is no pipe-dream.

> ‍pipe-dream 白日梦

2025-03-12 20:13:58

---

‍Thanks to astaggered launch, with the thousand-odd scientists at the firm getting access to the tool in three distinctgroups, Mr Toner-Rodgers was able to treat its introduction like a randomised experiment, and estimateits impact.

2025-03-12 20:14:39

---

‍Thanks to astaggered launch, with the thousand-odd scientists at the firm getting access to the tool in three distinctgroups, Mr Toner-Rodgers was able to treat its introduction like a randomised experiment, and estimateits impact.

> ‍staggered​(形容词): 指事物在时间或空间上 ​错开、分阶段进行,避免同时发生。
常见搭配:staggered schedule(错开的时间表)、staggered payments(分期付款)。
​launch​(名词): 指产品、工具或服务的 ​正式推出、发布。
因此,​"a staggered launch" 直译为 ​​“分阶段推出”​ 或 ​​“错时发布”​,即不一次性全面推广,而是分批、分步骤实施。

2025-03-12 20:16:23

---

‍materials designremains “a pain in the ass”

2025-03-12 20:18:31

---

‍materials designremains “a pain in the ass”

> ‍​“A pain in the ass”​ 是英语中一种非正式(甚至粗俗)的俚语表达,用来形容某件事或某个人 ​非常令人厌烦、麻烦或讨厌,类似于中文里的 ​​“烦人的麻烦”“让人头疼的东西”​ 或更口语化的 ​​“屁事一堆”“让人蛋疼”​。

2025-03-12 20:19:26

---

‍Other industries have already squared this circle.

2025-03-12 20:20:14

---

‍Other industries have already squared this circle.

> ‍“Squared this circle”​ 是一个英语习语,源自数学概念“化圆为方”(squaring the circle),字面意思是“用尺规作图法画一个与圆面积相等的正方形”——这在数学上被证明是 ​不可能完成的任务。因此,这个短语在实际使用中常比喻 ​​“解决看似矛盾或无法两全的难题”​,或在困境中找到巧妙平衡,​​“实现两全其美”​。

2025-03-12 20:21:17

---

‍Clinical trials for new medications may be unforgiving, but they encourage investments that distribute risk and reward throughout the industry,funnelling resources back to the researchers in the trenches.

2025-03-12 20:22:34

---

‍Clinical trials for new medications may be unforgiving, but they encourage investments that distribute risk and reward throughout the industry,funnelling resources back to the researchers in the trenches.

> ‍​unforgiving
原意“不宽容的”,此处指临床试验 ​标准严苛、容错率低​(例如:失败率高、耗时久、成本高、审查严格)。
​distribute risk and reward
字面“分散风险与回报”,指通过投资机制 ​让行业上下游共同承担风险,并共享潜在收益​(例如:药企、投资者、研究机构分摊成本,成功后共享利润)。
​funnelling resources back to...
“将资源输送/导向...”,“funnel”原意漏斗,比喻 ​集中资源并精准投放到特定对象。
​researchers in the trenches
“战壕中的研究者”,比喻 ​一线科研人员​(直面实际困难的人),类似中文“前线战士”。

2025-03-12 20:25:35

---

‍terse chemical reactions that fill a high-school textbook

2025-03-12 20:28:52

---

‍That is orders ofmagnitude less training data than is required to train a large language model

2025-03-12 20:30:24

---

‍That is orders ofmagnitude less training data than is required to train a large language model

> ‍“这(现有的数据量)比训练一个大语言模型所需的数据量少了几个数量级。”

2025-03-12 20:32:00

---

‍Amazon Web Services, a hyperscaler

2025-03-12 20:33:58

---

‍Other companies are trying to automate away the need for laboratories entirely.

2025-03-12 20:34:56

---

‍an AI agent that managed (albeit with some help from humans) to create a world-beating gainmaterial—the light-amplifying substance—for a laser.

2025-03-12 20:53:45

---

‍an AI agent that managed (albeit with some help from humans) to create a world-beating gainmaterial—the light-amplifying substance—for a laser.

> ‍​gain material(增益介质)​
​定义:指激光器中用于 ​放大光信号 的核心材料(即 ​​“增益介质”​),是激光产生的关键组件。
​world-beating(世界领先的)​
​字面:“击败全世界的”,引申为 ​​“全球顶尖的”“遥遥领先的”​,强调该材料在性能、效率或创新性上 ​远超现有同类产品。

2025-03-12 20:55:17

---

‍Using a combination of AI and robotics as a shortcut to synthesising new materials would be huge

2025-03-12 20:55:55

---

‍Recipes are very finicky

2025-03-12 20:58:30

---

‍The A-Lab team stands by their approach.

2025-03-12 20:59:11

---

Mice have been genetically engineered to look like mammoths

‍The company wants to create real mammoths, by growing gene-edited embryos of Asian elephants to term.

2025-03-12 21:02:10

---

‍The company wants to create real mammoths, by growing gene-edited embryos of Asian elephants to term.

> ‍​​“to term”​ 是固定搭配,表示 ​​“(胎儿)发育到足月并正常分娩”​​(full gestation period)。

2025-03-12 21:03:18

---

‍scientists must work out which tweaks give rise to mammoth traits.

2025-03-12 21:03:38

---

‍scientists must work out which tweaks give rise to mammoth traits.

> ‍“give rise to”​ 在此处表示 ​​“导致”“引发”或“产生”​,强调某种行为(tweaks)作为原因,触发特定结果(mammoth traits)。

2025-03-12 21:04:22

---

‍these animals gestate for 22 months

2025-03-12 21:04:33

---

‍these animals gestate for 22 months

> ‍(生物学)怀孕;孕育(胚胎)。例如:The female elephant gestates for about 22 months.(雌性大象怀孕约22个月 。)

2025-03-12 21:05:03

---

‍highly intelligent creatures which cannot be experimented upon willy-nilly.

2025-03-12 21:05:23

---

‍highly intelligent creatures which cannot be experimented upon willy-nilly.

> ‍1. 随便地;任意地;胡乱地
强调行为缺乏计划性、条理或未经慎重考虑,具有随意性。

2025-03-12 21:05:56

---

‍The literature could then be scoured to see if mutated versions of those genes existed in mice.

2025-03-12 21:07:10

---

‍The literature could then be scoured to see if mutated versions of those genes existed in mice.

> ‍“scoured”在这里是“仔细搜索;四处查找;细查”的意思。

2025-03-12 21:07:38

---

‍The team settled on ten mutations in ten genes: nine related to hair and fur and one linked to fat storage, which may have kept mammoths insulated on the tundra.

2025-03-12 21:08:17

---

‍The team settled on ten mutations in ten genes: nine related to hair and fur and one linked to fat storage, which may have kept mammoths insulated on the tundra.

> ‍“insulate” 作为动词,常见释义为 “使绝缘;使隔热;使隔音” ,在描述生物与生存环境的关系时,常用来表示 “(通过某种特征或物质)使……免受外界温度等影响,起到保暖或保冷作用” 。
“on the tundra”
“tundra” 指 “冻原;苔原”,是一种气候寒冷、植被稀少的高纬度或高海拔地区 。

2025-03-12 21:09:04

---

‍hey contained no DNA taken from actual mammoths—but did wind up sporting dense, woollen fur.

2025-03-12 21:09:47

---

‍hey contained no DNA taken from actual mammoths—but did wind up sporting dense, woollen fur.

> ‍“sport”作动词时,常见含义有“参加体育运动;做运动” ,而“sporting”在这里是“sport”的现在分词形式,在句中作伴随状语,有“带有;具有;呈现(某种外观或特征)”的意思 ,相当于 “having” 或 “showing” 。
“woollen”是形容词,意思是“羊毛制的;毛纺的” ,用来修饰由羊毛制成的物品 。

2025-03-12 21:11:01

---

Satellites are polluting the stratosphere

‍Satellites are polluting the stratosphere

2025-03-12 21:19:10

---

‍Satellites are polluting the stratosphere

> ‍平流层

2025-03-12 21:19:43

---

‍These spectacular exits are intentional, meant to prevent satellites from clogging up orbital real estate or plummeting to the surface in an out-of-control manner.

2025-03-12 21:20:23

---

‍These spectacular exits are intentional, meant to prevent satellites from clogging up orbital real estate or plummeting to the surface in an out-of-control manner.

> ‍这些壮观的(卫星脱离轨道等)退出过程是故意为之的,目的是防止卫星堵塞宝贵的轨道空间资源,或者以失控的方式坠落到地球表面 。

2025-03-12 21:21:34

Powered by Gridea